Philosophy

Atheism

The belief or doctrine that denies the existence of deities.

Epistemology

The study of knowledge—its nature, origin, and limits. It addresses questions about belief, truth, and justification.

Ethics

The branch of philosophy concerned with questions about what is morally right and wrong, good and bad, fair and unfair.

Existentialism

A philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom, choice, and existence, often dealing with the challenges of life’s meaning and the human condition.

Logic

The study of reasoning, arguments, and principles of valid inference. It aims to distinguish valid reasoning from fallacies.

Metaphysics

The branch of philosophy that explores the fundamental nature of reality, including concepts such as existence, objects, cause and effect, and time.

Moral Philosophy

A subset of ethics that deals with questions regarding human conduct and values, exploring right and wrong behaviors.

Ontology

The study of being and existence, questioning what entities exist and how they can be categorized and related within a system.

Pragmatism

A philosophical tradition focusing on practical consequences and real-world applications as the main criterion for meaning and truth.

Rationalism

The view that reason is the chief source of knowledge, often in contrast to empiricism, which emphasizes sensory experience.

Realism

The belief that reality exists independent of our perceptions or interpretations, often discussed in contrast with idealism.

Skepticism

An attitude of doubt or a systematic approach to questioning the validity of knowledge claims, especially in the areas of ethics and metaphysics.

Utilitarianism

A theory in ethics that advocates for actions that maximize overall happiness or pleasure and minimize overall pain or suffering.

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